People have always polluted their surroundings. Even in ancient times people admitted that their health was depending on the state of surroundings. But only in XX century humanity, in full measure, realized, that many diseases are closely connected with the air and water pollution and inferior products. Люди всегда загрязняют их окружение. Ещё в древние времена люди признались, что их здоровье в зависимости от состояния окружения. Но только в ХХ веке человечество, в полной мере осознал, что многие заболевания тесно связаны с загрязнением воздуха и воды и некачественной продукции.
Air pollution. Air pollution is a very serious problem, because polluted air can cause illness and even death. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1500 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog, the oxygen balance upsets. Cars are polluting the air by exhaust gases and other dangerous chemicals. Загрязнение воздуха является очень серьезной проблемой, потому что загрязненный воздух может вызвать болезни и даже смерть. Каждый год мировая промышленность загрязняет атмосферу около 1500 миллионов тонн пыли и других вредных веществ. Многие города страдают от смога, кислородный баланс нарушается. Автомобили загрязняют воздух выхлопными газами и другими опасными химическими веществами.
Water pollution Water recourses is one of the main factor of existing life in our planet. People use fresh water for their needs. It is more than 2% of hydrosphere volume. First of all water pollution is the result of industrial, agricultural and everyday necessities discharge of wastes into rivers, lakes and seas. The main part of water pollution plays a large number of oil industry wastes. Водные ресурсы является одним из главных факторов существующей жизни на нашей планете. Люди используют пресную воду для своих нужд. Это более чем на 2% объема гидросферы. Прежде всего загрязнения воды является результатом промышленных, сельскохозяйственных и бытовых нужд сброс отходов в реки, озера и моря. Основная часть загрязнения воды играет большое количество отходов нефтяной промышленности.
Soil pollution The main component of the Earth biosphere represents topsoil. Soil is polluted by: litter, wastes, heavy metals, pesticides, radioactive elements. Sinking aerosol may contain heavy poisonous metals and it may lead to plants ruin. Основным компонентом биосферы Земли представляет верхний слой почвы. Почва загрязняется: мусор, отходы, тяжелые металлы, пестициды, радиоактивные элементы. Понижение аэрозоль может содержать ядовитые тяжелые металлы, и это может привести к гибели растений.
Kinds of pollution
Destroying forests.
Water pollution.
Noise pollution.
- AIR POLLUTION. Destroying forests. Water pollution. Oil spills. Global warming. Litter. Chemicals. Coral reefs. Noise pollution.
Environmen t al questions
- What does the life of the people on Earth depend on?
- Why are some animals and birds disappearing nowadays?
Air pollution is a very serious threat to our environment.
pollute the air.
- This is the result of human activities: oil spills. Polluted water also causes water animals to die.
- Environmentalists are worried because many coral reefs are disappearing. Today only 7% of Jamaica’s coral reefs remain and the reefs in the Philippines and Western Indonesia are almost extinct. Tourists damage reefs by putting
- rubbish into the sea.
Ecological situation in our place.
- I’m worried about the state of the Nekhvoroshcha-novka pond in my area. When I visi-
ted this place in summer I was hurt and disap- pointed by what I found. Water was very muddy.
Our attitude towards the environment .
We must keep our native place clean. If we see litter on the ground, we must put it into a litter bin. And of course we must not draw on walls
- We must keep our native place clean. If we see litter on the ground, we must put it into a litter bin. And of course we must not draw on walls or trees.
Code of Ecological Rules.
- Do not leave litter.
- Keep the country tidy.
- Respect the life and work of the countryside.
- Grow trees and flowers.
- Do not cut wild flowers.
- Put litter away.
- Do not frighten birds and animals.
- Do not burn fires.
The Earth is Our Home.
- The Earth is a garden. It is a beautiful place For all living creatures, For all human race.
- Food is a treasure From the soil and the seas Clean fresh air From the plants and the heels.
- Helping mother Earth We can peacefully roam We all deserve a place We can call our home.
- The warmth of the sun Turns water into rain It is nature way!
Th е presentation was done by Valentina Antonova. Class 9 V
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ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Plan: Man-the child of nature Ecological problems Discourse about the problems Ecological organizations Conclusion
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Man-the child of nature We live on a very beautiful planet – on the Earth. Our planet has very rich resources: the bright blue of the sky, fresh, crystal-clear mountain lake water, the rich green of the mountains slopes, wild flower, picturesque views – all these sceneries of nature fill us with admiration. That’s why those who live in cities prefer spending their days off and their holidays far from the noise of the city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they like to breathe fresh air or to swim in clear water because the ecology is not so poor as in the cities.
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Ecological problems Ecology is the study of the ways in which organisms (plants and animals) depend upon each other and upon their surroundings. Each organism requires conditions in order to be able to live and breed. These conditions are its environment by changing the ecological conditions.
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So, pollution is one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Now millions of chimneys, cars, buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes and harmful substances into the atmosphere. These poisoned substances pollute everything: air, land, water, birds, animals and people. So, it is usually hard to breathe in the large cities where there are lots plants. Everything there is covered with soot and dirt. It affects harmfully on people’s health.
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Water pollution is very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water are polluted with factory waste, poisoned fish are all-round us. And polluted air and poisoned water lead to the end of the civilization. So, nowadays a lot of dead lands and lifeless areas have appeared. Because our actions and dealings can turn the land to a desert.
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The Baltic Sea is a special case. Because it is such a small sea and it becomes dirty very easily. Its waster changes slowly through the shallow straits. As many as 250 rivers run into the Baltic. There are hundreds of factories in these rivers and millions of people live along them. Quite a lot of big cities lie on its coast. All these combined with the active navigation of the sea naturally affects the state of the sea water and the shore line flora and fauna. People suffer from the waster pollution; cancer deaths increase people’s concern.
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And there is no escape from this ecological crisis without organizing a single body dealing with the environmental problems, developing and carrying out a nationwide program of environmental protection and co-operating with international schemes.
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Discourse about problem So, we see that our environment offers an abundance of subject matter for discussion. The problems and prospects of the blue planet interest not only scientist and futurologists, but also politicians, industry, the public – and above all, young people! There is hardly a young person who is not conserved with the preservation of our natural habitat. To recognize environmental problems and master them, to reduce and avoid environmental pollution, to discover and develop ecologically sound technologies – there are the essential building blocks for our future.
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Whether scientist or politicians, bankers or students, whether Greek, Norwegian, Hungarian or Finn … all are encouraged to make a contribution towards protecting the environment. Dedication and the courage to change one’s way of thinking are called for.
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Population Fears Scientists now predict that by the year 2050 the population will be doubled what is today. The fact remains that the rate of food production fell behind population growth in many of developing countries. The annual fish catch already exceeds what the world ‘s oceans can successfully sustain. If we go on using our natural recourses at today’s rates, we will have used up the entire reserves of cooper, natural gas and oil by the year 2054.
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But the problem ahead lie not so much in what we use but in what we waste. What faces us is not so much a recourse crisis as a pollution crisis. The only solution is to try to change the areas of consumption, technology and population. Changes in technology must be baked by slower population growth. And it can be achieved by education in health and women’s rights. And there is a little hope of reducing consumption over the next half century.
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Nowadays there are many different pressure and interests groups in the world, which try to find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and international level. So they are groups of people with a common interest in trying to draw the public attention to environment problems, to influence the government decisions.
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Ecological organizations There are many ecological organizations in the world, but I can tell you only about seven of them, because they are most famous. At first I’ll tell you about “Kids F.A.C.E”. The main mission of “Kids F.A.C.E” is to provide information, to encourage and facilitate youth’s involvement with effective environmental action. Membership of organization is free for all. “Kids F.A.C.E” started in 1989.
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Greenpeace is an organization whose members work actively to protect the environment from damage, caused by industrial processes or military activities. Greenpeace has been campaigning against environmental degradation since 1971.
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PeTA (people for the ethical treatment of animals) is one of the largest animal right organization in the world. PETA is dedicated to establishing and protecting the right of all animal. This organization focuses their attention on the areas in which the largest numbers of animals suffer more intensely for the longest periods of time. Founded in 1980.
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ISSG (invasive species specialist group) aims to reduce threats to natural ecosystems and the natural species they contain by increasing awareness of invasive alien species. ISSG is a global group of scientific and policy experts on invasive species from 41 countries.
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RSPCA (the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) has been working since 1824,promoting kindness to animals, trying to prevent cruelty to them. This organization called the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals because Queen Victoria gave her permission for the RSPCA to be called that.
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Журина Наталья Владимировна
Учитель английского языка
МОУ СОШ №5 г. Щербинка
This word came from the Greek “oikos” which means “home” .
“ Home” includes:
- Its population
- Our whole planet
- Nature
- Animals
- Birds
- Fish
- Insects
- All other living beings
- And even the atmosphere around our planet.
What is environment ?
It means what is around us.
Some people live in a town environment, for others their environment is the countryside.
The air we breathe, the soil on which we stand, the water we drink are parts of the environment.
Environmental
problems
Toxic air
Dangerous water
Polluted land
The air we breathe
- Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances.
- Big cities suffer from smog.
- Cars with their engines have become the main source of pollution in industrial countries.
The water we drink
- Two-thirds of the world’s surface is water. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear wastes. Many rivers and lakes dry up or are poisoned too .
- Fish dies in the lakes, rivers and seas .
- If people drink this water, they can get ill or even die.
The land we live on
- People cut down trees and many birds and animals can’t have homes in their usual places and they begin dying out.
- As a result some species of animals, birds, fish and plants have disappeared and keep disappearing.
Environmental protection. What should people do to survive?
- The time has come to save our planet, to protect people, animals and plants from dying.
- First of all countries should have strong laws to control pollution, to protect animals and plants.
- Governments should also find ways to recycle things. They should build recycling factories.
Choose the questions!
Find the English equivalents for the following word-combinations
- Проблемы окр - ужающей среды
- Вредные вещества
- Редкие виды животных
- Ядерное загрязнение
- Ядовитые отходы
- Environmental problems
- Nuclear pollution
- Toxic waste
- Rare species of animals
- Harmful substances
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The thoughts of the 9G form, Kurgan, Gymnasium 19and ecological problems
Ecology: First of all it is the relationship of humans and Nature. All of us depend on Nature. We must value and protect it. Ecology is the science, which study our planet from the “points of view” such natural things as plants, animals, insects etc. I think ecology is Nature itself.
The causes of the ecological problems:One of the most important problems for future of humanity is ecological problems, because people destroy our beautiful planet! So people create these problems themselves!People kill the animals, cars pollute the environment.We forget rubbish in the forests or just throw it in the forests. People have been polluting the Earth for many centuries! Pollution of the air, water and soil, using poisonous substances in industry, forest destruction, this carelessness can become a cause of scary future problems, such as acid rains, very high or low temperature, radiation, holes in ozone layer etc.
The RESULTS: The water is really important for life in the Earth, but a lot of rivers, lakes and springs are becoming dirty today. Such water is not good for drinking even for wild animals and plants. What will happen with them if they are not be able to drink? Our life depends on plants and animals – they are our brothers, of course, but they are our food at the same time. They help us to live and to survive!
This planet is our home because we have everything for us. We can breathe here because of oxygen which we need. But in any forest we see broken trees and pulled up flowers, camp-fires and the tons of rubbish after previous visitors. Our life is destroyed with our own hands!
WHAT TO DO?There are many discussions and arguments between scientists, politicians, philosophers and ordinary people. How can we stop the future catastrophe, which unfortunately is going because of people’s influence? In my opinion everybody can do many things to protect our planet! For example, the first step is to put rubbish into the rubbish bins.If you want the air to be clean, you mustn’t smoke in the streets (and everywhere), we mustn’t crash the forests and so on!Many people work as the volunteers – they clean the forests, built foster homes and do all the best!
Fortunately there are many environmental organizations all over the world, for example Greenpeace, WWF, London Wildlife Trust, The Friends of the Earth and so on. I think it is a really important step of humanity. I mean this situation is not so hopeless.
IN CONCLUSION it’s important to say that even if people consider themselves the top of the nature chain in the world they have to behave themselves in a correct way! Animals and plants depend on us and our good or bad activities. They have the right to live in the Earth happily too, that’s why we should not trouble them for our needs only. Let’s protect and respect them because we live together in this beautiful planet, depend on them and visa versa!
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